The Africa Visa Openness Index measures the extent to which each country in Africa is open to visitors from other African countries.

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Algeria
0.113
48
Angola
0.189
41
Benin
1.000
1
Botswana
0.321
35
Burkina Faso
0.487
23
Burundi
0.823
12
Cabo Verde
0.845
8
Cameroon
0.132
45
Central African Republic
0.170
42
Chad
0.279
38
Comoros
0.800
14
Côte d’Ivoire
0.415
27
Djibouti
0.800
14
Democratic Republic of Congo
0.121
47
Egypt
0.106
49
Equatorial Guinea
0.038
52
Eritrea
0.049
51
Eswatini
0.321
35
Ethiopia
0.762
19
Gabon
0.170
42
Ghana
0.864
5
Guinea
0.358
32
Guinea-Bissau
0.849
7
Kenya
0.396
29
Lesotho
0.302
37
Liberia
0.264
39
Libya
0.019
54
Madagascar
0.785
17
Malawi
0.449
25
Mali
0.408
28
Mauritania
0.834
10
Mauritius
0.826
11
Morocco
0.151
44
Mozambique
0.811
13
Namibia
0.638
21
Niger
0.340
34
Nigeria
0.864
5
Republic of the Congo
0.215
40
Rwanda
1.000
1
São Tomé and Príncipe
0.132
45
Senegal
0.800
14
Seychelles
1.000
1
Sierra Leone
0.502
22
Somalia
0.785
17
South Africa
0.358
32
South Sudan
0.087
50
Sudan
0.030
53
Tanzania
0.691
20
The Gambia
1.000
1
Togo
0.842
9
Tunisia
0.377
30
Uganda
0.377
30
Zambia
0.430
26
Zimbabwe
0.472
24

Key facts about visa openness in Africa in 2023

All Africans

 Benin, The Gambia, Rwanda, and Seychelles, offer visa-free access to all Africans.

28%

In 28% of country-to-country travel scenarios within Africa, African citizens do not need a visa to cross the border, a marked improvement over 20% in 2016.

24

In 2023, 24 African countries— 44% of the continent— offered an  e-visa for Africans, up from nine African countries — 17% of the continent—in 2016.

15

15 countries improved their score since last year: three are in the top 10, another three in the top 20.

36

36 countries have improved their score since 2016.  Of the 10 that have most progressed, six are in West Africa, two are in East Africa, and two are in Southern Africa.
 

9

Nine top-20 performers are low-income countries; three of them are landlocked. Another nine top-20 performers are lower-middle-income countries. Lower-income countries continue to make progress.